A Russian missile struck a warehouse near Kyiv two weeks ago, destroying 62 million items used to prevent H.I.V. in Ukraine, leaving aid groups working urgently to replenish the supplies.

The attack was part of a broader campaign of Russian strikes on civilian infrastructure in Ukraine, including power plants, shopping centers and hospitals, which military analysts say is intended to make civilian life unbearable and inflict a psychological toll on the population.

The July 19 attack on the warehouse does not affect treatment for the roughly 250,000 people living with H.I.V. in Ukraine, but it may hobble efforts to prevent the virus from infecting others. The country’s epidemic is driven largely by the sharing of contaminated needles among intravenous drug users.

About two weeks before the attack, enough H.I.V. prevention supplies for the rest of 2026 had been sent to distribution centers throughout the country. But the destroyed warehouse contained about $3 million worth of syringes, needles, alcohol swabs and condoms for 2027.

If the items are not replaced by November, the country may see at least 16,000 new cases of H.I.V. in 2027, double the typical number, according to an estimate by the Alliance for Public Health, a Ukrainian nonprofit that manages the supplies.

“We cannot just replace condoms with sympathy,” said Andriy Klepikov, the executive director of the alliance.